- Might geoengineering work?
- What is the neurobiological basis of consciousness
- How did life originate on Earth (and elsewhere?)
- Creating a practical fusion reactor
- Building a working nitrogenase system into our primary cereal crops
- Increasing the efficiency of photosynthesis
- Understanding how AI transformer models actually produce specific results
- What is the singularity at the center of a black hole
- How to integrate quantum mechanics with general relativity
- Building a complete digital twin to a eukaryotic organism
- Fixing inconsistencies in the standard model
- Increasing human lifespans significantly
- Getting the right understanding of Alzheimer’s disease so that we can progress toward a cure
Note, I left out all the social science questions–they’re too complicated.
Discoverers and Discoveries 